J'ai trouvé un livre intéressant à l'ambassade japonaise: Nippon - The Land and its People (Gakuseisha Publishing, 1993). Il couvre bien le Japon et est écrit en anglais et japonais. Cela parle d'histoire, du gouvernement, de l'économie et du peuple japonais. Un des chapitres est Japanese Loan Words, les mots étrangers empruntés par le japonais. Je transcris ci-dessous la liste.
Ingles / Anglais
A great many English words have been adopted in Japanese from the 19th century on. The popularity of English words has been enhanced by the inclusion of English courses in junior high schools throughout the country and the number of English words in Japanese today is almost countless.
post, ball, bus, pool, automation, rush, merit, television, (sewing) machine, computer, knife
Holandes / Néerlandais
Holland was the only European country with which Japan had trade relations between the seventeeth and nineteenth centuries. As a consequence, a large number of Dutch words came into Japanese.
kok, brandpunt, hoos, pons, boor-bank, hop, bier, Duitsch, ontembaar, kompas, alkali, koffie, glas, gom, pek, mangaan, motor
Português / Portugais
As the first European visitors to Japan were from Portugal, Japanese has adopted many Portuguese words.
confeito, tempero, marmelo, capa, botao, pão, tabaco, carta, balanço, pinta, cruz, Holanda, Grécia, gibão
Italiano / Italien
The number of loan words from Italian is relatively large, particularly in connection with music and food.
cembalo, mezzo piano, opera, sonata, solfége, staccato, spaghetti, maccaroni, ciao, finale
Françês / Français
dessin, litre, mètre, indépendants, polonaise, chapeau, haute couture, objet, gramme, sabotage, silouhette, fiancé, marmotte, bourgeoisie, bifteck, vacances, Suisse, croquette
Incrível! Marmota (quem dorme: temos a expressão "Dormir como uma marmota"), sabotagem (queremos dormir!) e férias (o objectivo) vêm do françês...
(I skipped the Javanese, Korean, German, Malaysian and Russian.)
Update:
Também oiço francês num manga: "coup d'état" (golpe de estado). Subversão, ainda... :-)
A great many English words have been adopted in Japanese from the 19th century on. The popularity of English words has been enhanced by the inclusion of English courses in junior high schools throughout the country and the number of English words in Japanese today is almost countless.
post, ball, bus, pool, automation, rush, merit, television, (sewing) machine, computer, knife
Holandes / Néerlandais
Holland was the only European country with which Japan had trade relations between the seventeeth and nineteenth centuries. As a consequence, a large number of Dutch words came into Japanese.
kok, brandpunt, hoos, pons, boor-bank, hop, bier, Duitsch, ontembaar, kompas, alkali, koffie, glas, gom, pek, mangaan, motor
Português / Portugais
As the first European visitors to Japan were from Portugal, Japanese has adopted many Portuguese words.
confeito, tempero, marmelo, capa, botao, pão, tabaco, carta, balanço, pinta, cruz, Holanda, Grécia, gibão
Italiano / Italien
The number of loan words from Italian is relatively large, particularly in connection with music and food.
cembalo, mezzo piano, opera, sonata, solfége, staccato, spaghetti, maccaroni, ciao, finale
Françês / Français
dessin, litre, mètre, indépendants, polonaise, chapeau, haute couture, objet, gramme, sabotage, silouhette, fiancé, marmotte, bourgeoisie, bifteck, vacances, Suisse, croquette
Incrível! Marmota (quem dorme: temos a expressão "Dormir como uma marmota"), sabotagem (queremos dormir!) e férias (o objectivo) vêm do françês...
Incroyable! Marmotte (qui dort), sabotage (on veut dormir!) et vacances (le but) viennent de chez nous...
(I skipped the Javanese, Korean, German, Malaysian and Russian.)
Update:
Também oiço francês num manga: "coup d'état" (golpe de estado). Subversão, ainda... :-)
J'entend aussi du français dans un manga: "coup d'état". Encore de la subversion... :-)
1 commentaire:
polonaise et Suisse!? que raro.
Enregistrer un commentaire